Preface
Accounting Information Systems: Thinking, Development, and Evaluation Version 1.0 is designed for the first course in introduction to accounting information systems (AIS). It is usually taught at the undergraduate level, but it can sometimes be found at the MBA-level.
Overview
This book’s key goal is to provide students with a basic understanding of AIS terminology and topics in an approachable way. As a result, the writing style is intentionally crafted to be easy to understand for students who are new to accounting information and related decision-making responsibilities. Further, there is a strong focus throughout on emerging accounting technologies such as distributive ledgers including blockchain, smart contracts, robotic process automation, machine learning, and artificial intelligence (AI). Including these topics in more meaningful ways exposes students to new technologies’ impacts on accounting. Further, such coverage encourages them to develop an inquisitive and flexible mindset based on the premise that an AIS is not static. As a result, students learn an AIS must be continuously assessed and re-evaluated in order to keep pace with constant organizational change, the introduction of new technologies, and an ever-evolving regulatory environment. Finally, the narrative is consistently organized around three key perspectives: the user, design, and control. These three organizing themes support and guide the learner’s journey through understanding how accountants use information to make decisions, how an AIS works, and how to recognize and minimize the threats to an AIS.
Key Themes
The three organizing themes of the user, design, and control are based on the authors’ common experiences teaching AIS to thousands of students, as well as one author’s (Raschke’s) many years spent using and developing AIS installations in business environments. The organizing themes were extensively class-tested by the authors, and they were finely honed to best convey foundational knowledge in AIS terminology and core topics. Seasoned instructors will likely recognize and certainly appreciate that organizing the book around these three key themes provides a natural progression of learning AIS topics as well.
The below themes provide a logical structure to the narrative. However, because this book is intended to be a basic introduction to AIS, the authors also included specific learning features to further enhance learning and encourage retention.
The User Perspective
The first major theme to appear in the book is the user perspective. These early chapters impress upon students why learning about AIS is core to how accounting is done today and how the user perspective is fundamental to subsequent understanding of AIS design and control. These initial chapters establish the strategy of using a real-life case to introduce core topics such as systems basics, how the components of an AIS vary, and how information flows (Chapter 1 “System Basics”). This first part also includes high-interest topics on data analytics (Chapter 3 “The Data Analytic Cycle—One Approach to Data-Driven Decisions”), introduction of emerging technologies in accounting, and establishes the critical insight that an AIS is more than a tool for generating financial statements.
The Designer Perspective
The second major theme is the design perspective. Core AIS topics include documenting an AIS (Chapter 5 “Documenting the Accounting Information Systems”), AIS strategic planning and development (Chapter 6 “AIS Strategic Planning and Systems Development”), database design including REA modeling (Chapter 7 “Database Design”), and ERP implementation (Chapter 8 “Enterprise Resource Planning Systems Implementation”).
The Control Perspective
The third major theme is the control perspective. Core AIS topics include the internal control environment (Chapter 9 “Internal Control Environment”), IT controls (Chapter 10 “IT Security and Controls”), transaction cycle controls such as expenditure cycle (Chapter 11 “Expenditure Cycle and Controls”), revenue cycle (Chapter 12 “The Revenue Cycle”), conversion cycle (Chapter 13 “The Conversion Cycle”), as well as fixed assets, financing and payroll cycles (Chapter 14 “Fixed Assets, Financing, and Payroll Cycle”), and financial reporting controls (Chapter 15 “Financial Reporting”).
Learning Features
Each chapter contains the following learning features to help students get the most out of the content presented and remember it long after the course has ended.
“Learning Objectives” at the beginning of every main section preview the material to come
Embedded links with URL addresses to bring concepts to life in the book using brief and engaging videos (fewer than five minutes)
“Key Takeaways” at the end of every chapter mirror the “Learning Objectives” to summarize the key points of the preceding chapter
References to key accounting information systems and management research cited in the text
“End-of-Chapter Exercises” reflect a variety of question types and include extended scenarios or cases accompanied by questions for analysis. Answers to multiple-choice questions and suggested answer guidelines for case analysis are available in the accompanying instructor’s manual
Use of real-world scenarios and applications place associated discussions and documents into real-world contexts are found in the exercises and discussions at the end of the chapter.
Supplements
Teaching AIS can be daunting—especially keeping up with new topics and terminology. Robyn Raschke, the author who primarily prepared the supplements, kept this thought firmly in mind as she wrote them.
Instructor Manual
The instructor’s manual (IM) will help new as well as seasoned instructors. It provides teaching tips and resources the authors successfully used in their own courses. The IM provides an overview of the chapter, recommended teaching tips that highlight ways to engage students in the classroom or how to address difficult topics that students encounter. In addition, the IM includes recommended exercises for the classroom to engage the students and suggested answer guidelines for discussions questions/case analysis that accompany case studies in the book. Each chapter includes discussion questions, multiple choice questions, exercises, and reflective assignments.
PowerPoint Slides
PowerPoint slides cover learning objectives and key concepts of each chapter in a concise manner. Many slides are created to enhance engagement with students during the lecture. Instructors may use the slides to support their lecture or customize them as needed.
Online Quizzes
Carefully written quiz questions (true/false and multiple choice) allow the student to test their comprehension.
FlatWorld Homework
FlatWorld Homework is an easy-to-use interface that includes multiple choice, fill-in-the-blank, matching, and other question types that are all auto-gradable. Students who complete these questions with success should see their performance transfer to examinations that are given using the Test Item File questions provided to adopters.
Test Item File
Each comprehensive Test Item File (TIF) includes at least fifty questions per chapter made up of multiple-choice, fill-in-the-blank, short answer, and essay questions. Each of the thirty multiple choice questions have four possible answers and each is rated for difficulty and references the key sections of each chapter. Answers are provided for each short answer and essay question. The items have been written specifically to reinforce the major chapter topics and learning objectives.
A Note from Robyn Raschke
The authors wrote Accounting Information Systems: Thinking, Development, and Evaluation v1.0 because AIS textbooks that once captured well the crucial role AIS plays in the business firm have become increasingly outdated. Faculty members who want their students to learn from an AIS textbook that not only covers traditional AIS topics but also exposes their students to many emerging accounting technologies in detail will be interested to assign this book.
I would like to express a special word of thanks to John Schatzel and his family. While I never met John, I was honored to restructure, revise, and expand the initial draft of this manuscript for publication following John’s passing. Many of John’s most important ideas and teaching strategies are reflected in this published version and will positively influence students’ learning for many years to come.
Please contact me if you’d like more information or additional perspectives on teaching with this book. In particular, I am always trying to improve the material it contains and keep it up to date. I can be reached at robyn.raschke@unlv.edu. I welcome all feedback from faculty and students.